Which process translates mRNA into a polypeptide?

Which process translates mRNA into a polypeptide?

• A. Replication
• B. Transcription
• C. Translation
• D. Protein synthesis

Answer: (C)

Translation is the process that translates mRNA into a polypeptide. After transcription, mRNA carries the genetic message to ribosomes, where codons on the mRNA are read and amino acids are brought in by tRNA molecules with matching anticodons. The ribosome links these amino acids with peptide bonds, building a polypeptide chain. Initiation sets the stage at the start codon, elongation adds amino acids, and termination ends the chain at a stop codon. Replication duplicates DNA, transcription makes RNA from DNA, and protein synthesis is the broader term for making proteins, but the specific step that uses mRNA to assemble a polypeptide is translation.

Translation is the process that translates mRNA into a polypeptide. After transcription, mRNA carries the genetic message to ribosomes, where codons on the mRNA are read and amino acids are brought in by tRNA molecules with matching anticodons. The ribosome links these amino acids with peptide bonds, building a polypeptide chain. Initiation sets the stage at the start codon, elongation adds amino acids, and termination ends the chain at a stop codon. Replication duplicates DNA, transcription makes RNA from DNA, and protein synthesis is the broader term for making proteins, but the specific step that uses mRNA to assemble a polypeptide is translation.